Substitutions

If you don’t have...Substitute...
Apple pie spice, 1 tsp = ½ tsp ground cinnamon plus ¼ tsp ground nutmeg, 1/8 tsp ground allspice, and dash ground cloves or ginger
Baking powder, 1 tsp = ½ tsp cream of tartar plus ¼ tsp baking soda
Bread crumbs, fine dry, ¼ c = ¾ c soft bread crumbs; ¼ c cracker crumbs; or ¼ c cornflake crumbs
Broth, beef or chicken, 1 cup = 1 tsp or 1 cube instant beef or chicken bouillon plus 1 c hot water
Buttermilk, 1 cup = 1 TBS lemon juice or vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 c (let stand 5 min before using); or 1 c plain yogurt
Cajun spice, 1 TBS = ½ tsp white pepper, ½ tsp garlic powder, ½ tsp onion powder, ½ tsp ground red pepper, ½ tsp paprika, and ½ tsp black pepper
Chocolate, semisweet, 1 oz = 3 TBS semisweet chocolate pieces; or 1 oz unsweetened chocolate plus 1 TBS granulated sugar
Chocolate, sweet baking, 4 oz = ¼ c unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1/3 c granulated sugar and 3 TBS shortening
Chocolate, unsweetened, 1 oz = 3 TBS unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1 TBS cooking oil or shortening, melted
Cornstarch, 1 TBS (for thickening) = 2 TBS all-purpose flour
Corn Syrup, 1 cup = 1 c granulated sugar plus ¼ c water
Egg, 1 whole = 2 egg whites; 2 egg yolks; or ¼ c frozen egg product, thawed
Flour, cake, 1 cup = 1 cup minus 2 TBS all-purpose flour
Flour, self-rising, 1 cup = 1 c all-purpose flour plus1 tsp baking powder, ½ tsp salt and ¼ tsp baking soda
Garlic, 1 clove = ½ tsp bottled minced garlic; or 1/8 tsp garlic powder
Gingerroot, grated, 1 tsp = ¼ tsp ground ginger
Half-and-half or light cream, 1 cup = 1 TBS melted butter or margarine plus enough milk to make a cup
Herb, dried, 1 tsp = ½ tsp ground herb
Herb, snipped fresh, 1 TBS = ½ to 1 tsp dried herb, crushed
Honey, 1 cup = 1 ¼ cups granulated sugar plus ¼ c water
Lemon juice, 1 tsp = ½ tsp vinegar
Margarine, 1 cup = 1 c butter; or 1 c shortening plus ¼ tsp salt, if desired
Milk, whole, 1 cup = ½ cup evaporated milk plus ½ cup water; or 1 cup water plus 1/3 cup nonfat dry milk powder
Molasses, 1 cup = 1 c honey
Mustard, dry, 1 tsp (in cooked mixtures) = 1 TBS prepared mustard
Onion, chopped, 1 small (1/3 cup) = 1 tsp onion powder; or 1 TBS dried minced onion
Poultry seasoning, 1 tsp = ¾ tsp dried sage, crushed, plus ¼ tsp dried thyme or marjoram, crushed
Pumpkin pie spice, 1 tsp = ½ tsp ground cinnamon plus ¼ tsp ground ginger, ¼ tsp ground allspice, and 1/8 tsp ground nutmeg
Sour cream, dairy, 1 cup = 1 c plain yogurt
Sugar, granulated, 1 cup = 1 c packed brown sugar; or 2 cups sifted powdered sugar
Tomato juice, 1 cup = ½ c tomato sauce plus ½ c water
Tomato sauce, 2 cups = ¾ c tomato paste plus 1 c water
Yeast, active dry, 1 pkg = 1 cake compressed yeast